For minorities, as for other Americans, the Civil War was an opportunity to stir their valor and loyalty. Among the first mustered into the jointure Army were a De Kalb control of German American clerks, the Garibakdi Guards made up of Italian Americans, a nuance Legion, and hundreds of Irish American youths form Boston and modernistic York. But in Ohio and Washington, D.C., African American volunteers were turned away from recruiting stations and told, This is a white mans war. Some citizens questioned the loyalty of immigrants who lived in crowded city tenements until an Italian American from Brooklyn turned that around. In the New York Senate, Democrat Francis Spinola had been a vigorous foe of republican policies and Lincoln. But now he swore his loyalty with stirring words, This is my flag, which I will follow and defend. This speech gave great assurance that the passel in the great cities were devoted to the Union and ready to take for its defense.
More than 400,000 European immigrants fought for the Union, including more than 170,00 Germans and more than 150,00 Irish. Many saw their operate as a proud sacrifice. The first officer to burst for the Union was Captain Constatin Blandowski, one of many immigrants who earlier had fought for immunity in Europe and then joined Lincolns army.
Born in Upper Silesia and trained at Dresden, Germany, he was a oldtimer of democratic struggles - a Polish revolt at Krakow, the Polish Legions battles against Austria, and the Hungarian fight for independence. Some nationalities contributed more than their share of Union soldiers. Some immigrants earned the Congressional Medal of Honor. Italian American officer Louis di Cesnola, was the Colonel of the 4th Cavalry Regiment. At Aldie, Virginia, in 1863, he earned the Medal of Honor and was appointed a...
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